Anatomy Questions due 5/6
1. trace the pathway of food through the digestive system.
2. What is the function of the parotid gland?
3. What is the outcome of gallbladder removal?
4. Where is the pancreas located and what is the function?
5. Explain the function of at least three parts of the colon.
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1. Food enters the mouth then through the pharynx, next down the esophagus, into the stomach where the breakdown of proteins begins. Next food will go into the small intestine which has a length of about 6 meters. The pancreas will help secrete enzymes which aide in the breakdown of food and the liver and gallbladder will make secrete bile. The food will the go through the ileocecal valve, which separates the small and large intestines. It will then go through the large intestine or colon which begins with a blind pouch called cecum. The large intestine functions in the reabsorption of water and the further absorption of nutrients. The rectum is the terminal part of the large intestine and stores feces, or the wastes of the digestive tract until they are eliminated. The external opening at the end of the rectum is the anus which has two sphincters, one voluntary and one involuntary.
2. Parotid glands are the largest of the major salivary glands. They secrete a clear, watery fluid that is rich in amylase.
3. The gallbladder facilitates and regulates the flow of bile in your body. When it is taken away it is possible that the flow will be not as efficient, for example, too much at one time, or more commonly, not enough. The most common problems, apart from actual pain are impaired digestion: bloating, gas, heartburn, constipation or diarrhea. This is because digesting fats is difficult. It may help with the pain, but know that 34% of people who have their gallbladder removed still experience some abdominal pain.
4. The pancreas extends horizontally across the posterior abdominal wall in the c shaped curve of the duodenum. It functions in the secretion of enzymes in pancreatic juice that digest carbohydrates, fats, nucleic acids, and proteins.
5. Ascending colon: Begins at the cecum and trails upward against the posterior abdominal wall to a point just inferior to the liver. It help moves substances from the small intestine through the body.
Transverse colon: is the largest and most movable part of the large intestine. It is suspended by a fold of peritoneum and sags in the middle below the stomach. In addition to expulsion of waste materials, the transverse colon continues the all-important digestive task of leaching out nutrients from the sludgy mix that traverses its interior. Water and vitamins are extracted, leaving a more solid waste product ready to move downwards towards the rectum, and defecation.
Descending colon: At the brim of the pelvis it makes an S-shaped curve. It primarily serves to absorb water from fecal matter. It also stores food particles that are to be emptied into the rectum. While working in a downward movement, this organ continues to push the digested waste products.
1. First food is chewed by the teeth and begins to be broken down by salvia in the mouth, then goes through the esphogous and then into the stomach. There the stomach acid will break down the food content. Then to the small intestine which is wjere most of digestion takes place and then through the large intestine out through the anus
2. Parotid gland is responsible for the secretion of salvia.
3. The outcome of gallbladder removal, if it has problems would remove the problems of swelling, bloating, and bad indigestion etc. The removal of a gallbladder does not affect the digestive system, unless it is becoming a problem to a patient.
4. The pancreas is located between the stomach and the spleen. It functions in part of the digestive system as a gland. The pancreas breaks down protein, carbs, and fats and sercrets enzymes that effect the sugar content of your blood and it also produces an enzyme that neutralizes stomach accid.
5. The colon’s function has three seperate steps and that is to absorb the remaining water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter; to accept and stores food remains that were not digested in the small intestine; and to eliminate solid waste from the body
1. Food is first ingested through mouth where the mechanical digestion takes place and it is mixed with saliva which contains amylase( carbohydrate splitting substance) and helps to bind food particles, and bolus is formed. Then food goes through esophagus which is a long narrow tube but has no digestive function.Then the food enters the stomach by the help of peristalsis movement where it is mixed with HCL, pepsin and our food is formed in a chyme that is the semifluid paste of food particles. Then food enters the small intestine where food is mixed with bile and pancreatic juice and it is the main site for nutrient absorption, after that food enters large intestine which is responsible for absorption of electrolytes and water takes place and feces are formed . From there feces enter the rectum and leave the body through anus.
2.It is the largest salivary gland .It secrets a watery fluid which is rich in amylase.
3.Without the gallbladder the bile is not as readily secreted in the body, and the liver can become overwhelmed when faced with large amounts of any fats.
4. It is located in the C-shaped curve of dudoneum.It secrets pancreatic juice.
5.Colon consists of a transverse colon,ascending colon, descending colon and sigmoid colon. Colon’s function is to absorb the remaining water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter; to accept and stores food remains that were not digested in the small intestine; and to eliminate solid waste (feces) from the body.
1. Food enters the mouth and is crush by teeth and the tongue then it goes to the esophagus down to the stomach. The food sits in stomach acid before entering the small intestine which leads to the large intestine which leads to the anus where nutrient-poor waste exits.
2. The parotid gland contributes about 25 percent of our total salivary secretion. It releases saliva through the Stenson’s duct, which opens opposite the upper
second molar tooth
3. a scar and no bile
4. pancreas is located in the gut region and it secretes digestive enzymes.
5. the appendix is there just to cause trouble and get removed later while the mid section begins the process of waste production while the end of the colon is the part that excretes waste
1. the mouth, the pharynx, the uvula, the esophagus, the the stomach, the small intestine, the large intestine, then the rectum
2. It releases saliva through the Stenson’s duct
3. you dont get sick anymore.
4. in your right abdomen area and it converts food into fuel for body cells, 2 main functions and exocrine function which helps in digestion and endocrine which regulates blood sugar
5. absorb remaining water, stores food, and eliminates solid waste
1. food enters the mouth when you eat, teeth then break the food into smaller pieces, your saliva is already partially digesting your food then people swallow, which causes the food to travel down the esophagus using peristalsis and into the stomach. In the stomach you have Hydrochloric acid and pepsin, this slowly turns the food you eat into chyme.then small intestine digests, then food then goes into the large intestine, this is where the food is drained of most of its water, and turned into Feces.
2.It releases saliva through the Stenson’s duct, which opens opposite the upper second molar tooth. Saliva contains an enzyme called ‘ptyalin’ or salivary alpha-amylase, which helps in digestion by breaking down starch into maltose.
3.Nothing happens because bile can still go straight to the intentines so nothing is effected but you have to not eat greasy food.
4.The pancreas is a small organ, approximately six inches long, located in the upper abdomen, and adjacent to the small intestine.It breaks down protein and secretes harmones and neutralizes acids.
5.colon’s function is to absorb the remaining water and electrolytes from indigestible food matter, accept and store food remains that were not digested in the small intestine, and to eliminate feces from the body.
1. food begins digestion of starch in the mouth with enzymes in saliva.
it goes down the esophagus on swallowing,in the starch digestion of proteins,with enzymes and hydrochloric acid begins
in the small intestine fat and protein and starch digestion is completed as absorption begins,water is absorbed in the large intestine,undigested food passes of of the large intestine at the anus
2.secretes saliva through stensen’s ducts into the oral cavity, to facilitate mastication and swallowing and to begin the digestion of starches.
3.A minority of the population, from 5% to 40%, develop a condition called postcholecystectomy syndrome.
4. The pancreas lies in the epigastrium and left hypochondrium areas of the abdomen.
5. The large intestine is mainly responsible for storing waste, reclaiming water, maintaining the water balance, absorbing some vitamins, such as vitamin K, and providing a location for flora-aided fermentation.