Biology Questions due 3/4
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology?
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans?
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1.) Denaturation, Annealing, Elongation
2.) provide a vector for the transfer of recombinant DNA.
3)Sitcky ends allows easier ligation of recombinant DNA molecules, and also allows directional cloning.
4.)Cloning vectors are small pieces of DNA. When making recombinant DNA, the restriction enzyme cuts off a piece of the plasmid and another enzyme glues in the cloning vector to make the plasmid recombinant DNA.
5.)New cures to help the sick, new advances in agriculture, new advances in picking traits of human offspring
xenia staten 4th period
1. 1st step: double strand melts to single strand.2nd step: the primers bind to the single strand
2. they allow you to cut a specific DNA sequence out
3. tails of the DNA.they produce fragments with the same complementary ends
4. the restrictions cut off a piece of plasmid and glues to another enzymes
5. fingerprinting, gene theropy Humand Genome
1. Denaturation (separation of two strands of DNA by temperatures of around 94 to 98 degrees Celsius)
Annealing (binding of DNA primer to the separated strands. Occurs at 50 to 65 degrees Celsius, which is lower than the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerases)
Elongation (elongation of the strands using the DNA primer with heat-stable DNA polymerases, most frequently Taq (Thermus aquaticus) or Pfu (Pyrococcus furiosus) polymerases. Occurs at over 70 degrees Celsius)
2.provide a vector for the transfer of recombinant DNA.
3.Sticky ends are DNA overhangs and thier function in recombinant DNA is to bind wth other DNA complementary sequences.
4.Cloning vectors are the carriers of a particular characteristic. It can be inserted in the non coding region of the DNA and then replicated to yield a modified population.
5.1. Identify humans
2. Identify human remains
3. Trace human origins
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology? cut down molecules to managable pieces. enzymes cut down into dna sequence.
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.Sticky ends are created by cutting the DNA sequence.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA? Restriction Enzymes, cut down by managable pieces and formed into cloning vectors as the sticky ends form up.
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans? The technology involved in genetic engineering is called dna technology. it can be used to do many other things that may improve lives of humans like genetic disorders improve crops and to do many other things.
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.its were the you have the ring and you replace the parts on it.
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology?the restriction cuts down the dna in the process and sticks to somthing.
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.the sticky end is created by the end of the dna sequence.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?copied until is ready to be replaced
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans 1.it could help if someone had cancer they can read there dna to see what kind it is.
2.also for diebetes so it could see which kind did you have .
3.also to read your dna to see what parents it come from.
1. Denaturation: the double stranded DNA melts and opens into two pieces of single stranded DNA. Annealing: the primers pair up with the single stranded DNA. Extension: the polymerase works best, and DNA building blocks complementary to the template are coupled, making a double stranded DNA molecule
2. It provides a vector for the transfer of recombinant DNA.
3. It’s the end of which the restriction enzyme cut it and it attaches a good part of DNA.
4. The restriction enzyme cuts off a piece of the plasmid and another enzyme glues in the cloning vector to make the plasmid recombinant DNA.
5. New cures to help the sick, new advances in agriculture, and new advances in picking traits of human offspring,
1. A technique used to amplify a single or few copies of DNA across several orders in magnitude generating thousands or millions fo copies of a strand of DNA.
2. They cut the DNA is certain places.
3.Sticky ends are the ends of recombinant DNA molecules. They pair up with opposite bases.
4. It helps in replicating DNA.
5. It can help cure disease, help advance agriculture, and help with genetic traits.
1. Denaturation separation of two strands of DNA by temperatures of around 94 to 98 degrees Celsius[2]. Annealing binding of DNA primer to the separated strands. Occurs at 50 to 65 degrees Celsius, which is lower than the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerases[3] Annealing binding of DNA primer to the separated strands. Occurs at 50 to 65 degrees Celsius, which is lower than the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerases.
2. provide a vector for the transfer of recombinant DNA.
3. The principle is simply that, if two different DNA molecules are cut with the same restriction enzyme.
4.the restriction enzyme cuts off a piece of the plasmid and another enzyme glues in the cloning vector to make the plasmid recombinant DNA.
5. Science can develop new techniques in agriculture to feed the hungry or new medicines to treat the sick
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1. a)Denaturation: At 94 C (201.2 F), the double-stranded DNA melts and opens into two pieces of single-stranded DNA.
b)Annealing: 54 C (129.2 F), the primers pair up with the single-stranded “template” on the small length of double-stranded DNA, the polymerase attaches and starts copying the template.
c)Extension: At 72 C (161.6 F), the polymerase works best, and DNA building blocks complementary to the template are coupled to the primer, making a double stranded DNA molecule.
2) They can cut out bad genes so that new ones can be put in
3) They are DNA that can be attached to other DNA
4) They clone good DNA so that it can replace the bad
5) a)get rid of disease
b) help stop cancer
c) better way to be treated
1. The steps usually include the thermal cycle.
2. They cut the parts of sticky DNA.
3. The sticky ends are a big part in cloning DNA.
4. They are the place that holds a certain characteristic for DNA.
5. Help with Diabetes, Find dieses before a child is born, Help improve agriculture.
1 . Denaturation (separation of two strands of DNA by temperatures of around 94 to 98 degrees Celsius)
. Annealing (binding of DNA primer to the separated strands. Occurs at 50 to 65 degrees Celsius, which is lower than the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerases)
. Elongation (elongation of the strands using the DNA primer with heat-stable DNA polymerases, most frequently Taq (Thermus aquaticus) or Pfu (Pyrococcus furiosus) polymerases. Occurs at over 70 degrees Celsius)
2 produce a cut(usually staggered)at specific recognition sequences on DNA.
3 Sitcky ends allows easier ligation of recombinant DNA molecules, and also allows directional cloning.
4 cloning vectors are the carriers of a particular characteristic. it can be inserted in the non coding region of the DNA and then replicated to yield a modified population.
5 1. New cures to help the sick
2. New advances in agriculture
3. New advances in picking traits of human offspring
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.
The DNA melts into two different strands. Two polymerases attach and copy the two strands of DNA. Nucleotides come along and are matched to the strands.
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology?
The open the plasmid and get rid of the bad gene so a good one may be inserted.
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.
The ends of a molecules that can match to DNA because they are complementary.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?
The cloning vector goes inside of the plasmid to make recombinant DNA.
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans?
1. Cure diseases.
2. Produce food or other materials faster.
3. Helps to create new forms of fuel.
1. DNA strands seperate , primers multiply DNA strands, taq is added and join the complementary strands.
2. They cut up DNA chains into smaller parts.
3. They are the ends of cut chains, and they bring different chains together.
4. It goes into a cell, bringing different DNA, and copies it several times.
5. It can prevent or fix genetic disorders, trace disorders, or improve DNA.
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.-uses enzymes to mass replicate a portion of a DNA strand for easier analysis
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology?-to cut a specific sequences on DNA
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.- The ends of the DNA are sticky because it can easily match up with a complementary.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?- are the carriers of a particular characteristic. it can be inserted in the non coding region of the DNA
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans?-
1. New cures to help the sick
2. New advances in agriculture
3. New advances in picking traits of human offspring
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.- the PCR uses enzymes to mass replicate a portion of a DNA strand for easier analysis.
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology?- they cut a specific sequences on DNA.
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.- The ends of the DNA are sticky because it can easily match up with a complementary.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?- are the carriers of a particular characteristic. it can be inserted in the non coding region of the DNA
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans?-
1. New cures to help the sick
2. New advancements
3. New advances in picking traits of human offspring
1. Denaturation (separation of two strands of DNA by temperatures of around 94 to 98 degrees Celsius)
Annealing (binding of DNA primer to the separated strands. Occurs at 50 to 65 degrees Celsius, which is lower than the optimal temperature of the DNA polymerases)
Elongation (elongation of the strands using the DNA primer with heat-stable DNA polymerases, most frequently Taq (Thermus aquaticus) or Pfu (Pyrococcus furiosus polymerases. Occurs at over 70 degrees Celsius)
2. Their role is to cut at specific recognition sequences of DNA.
3. Sticky ends are a fragment of DNA (often produced by a staggered cut on the DNA using restriction enzymes) in which the terminal portion has a stretch of unpaired nucleotides, and the strands are not of the same length. The sticky ends, if they two pieces match, they will join together to form a recombinant DNA.
4. Cloning vectors are small pieces of DNA. When making recombinant DNA, the restriction enzyme cuts off a piece of the plasmid and another enzyme glues in the cloning vector to make the plasmid recombinant DNA.
5. Cure diseases, treat genetic disorders, and improve food crops.
1. 1. Heat the DNA sample to remove the hydrogen bonds in the DNA and leave polymerase. 2. Lower the temperature to cause the polymerase to reform with the special template and start creating DNA. 3. Heat compound to optimal temperature and allow it to produce DNA.
2. Restriction enzymes are used in DNA technology to find and isolate certain DNA sequences. The enzyme will find the sequence it is coded to find and cut it from the rest of the DNA.
3. Sticky ends are parts of DNA that can stick together for a short period of time. They help make recombinant DNA by holding the two ends together and attaching them until a binding reaction occurs.
4. Cloning vectors help make recombinant DNA by allowing the DNA strand to accept another different kind of DNA into the system.
5. DNA technology could be used to help cut out genetic disease, figure out how to combat bacterial and viral infection, and help promote certain characteristics, such as longevity or intelligence.
1.the vast majority of pcm relies on thermal cycling.
2.provide a vector for the transfer of recombinant dna.
3.if the two sticky ends match, they will join together to form a recombinant DNA.
4.they clone stuff.
5. Make more technology, make more dna, get a girlfriend.
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction.
separation of two strands of DNA by temperatures of around 94 to 98 degrees
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology?provide a vector for the transfer of recombinant DNA.
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.The principle is simply that, if two different DNA molecules are cut with the same restriction enzyme
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?cloning vectors are the carriers of a particular characteristic. it can be inserted in the non coding region of the DNA and then replicated to yield a modified population.
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans?Finding cures too more diesases , helping with bacterial infections and also helping people no what they have before it gets to bad
1., the double-stranded DNA melts and opens into two pieces of single-stranded DNA,On the small length of double-stranded DNA (the joined primer and template), the polymerase attaches and starts copying the template, DNA building blocks complementary to the template are coupled to the primer, making a double stranded DNA molecule.
2. produce a cut at specific recognition sequences on DNA
3.Sitcky ends allows easier ligation of recombinant DNA molecules, and also allows directional cloning.
4.it can be inserted in the non coding region of the DNA and then replicated to yield a modified population.
5.Improve food crops, cure diseases,and treat genetic disorders
John Reed
1.) add DNA polymerase, free nucleotides, and primers. heat. Cool to allow promers to bind to original strands. Dna polymerase adds free nucleotides to complete the strands heat again to repeat the process.
2.) recgonizes specific short DNA sequesnces, and cut the DNA in or near the sequesnce.
3.) some restrictive enzymes leave DNA over hangs that function like stick ends so that other pieces of DNA with complementary sequences can bind to them.
4.) DNA that can replicate within a cell
5.) it can advance in cures of gentic diseases, help match DNA in crimes (fingerprints), to identify human remains
1. Denaturation, annealing, and elongation.
2. They cut out the bad part of the DNA.
3. They are the good DNA that attaches to where the bad DNA was before it was cut out by restriction enzymes.
4. The cloning vector is where the sticky ends go after the bad DNA was cut out.
5. Find cures to diseases, Treat Genetic Disorders, and Find Vaccines.
1.) PCR is a technique that is basically a sequence of DNA over several orders of magnitude so that it might be detected or studied. It uses a DNA polymerase to make the copies. It has many uses such as detecting viral or bacterial DNA in a patient that is suspected of having a certain disease.
2.) produce a cut at specific recognition sequences on DNA.
3.) Sitcky ends allows easier ligation of recombinant DNA molecules, and also allows directional cloning.
4.) Cloning vectors are small pieces of DNA. When making recombinant DNA, the restriction enzyme cuts off a piece of the plasmid and another enzyme glues in the cloning vector to make the plasmid recombinant DNA.
5.) 1. New cures to help the sick
2. New advances in agriculture
3. New advances in picking traits of human offspring
2. They alter genes but cutting them in specific locations to either cut out or insert a new gene.
3. Sticky ends are the ends of DNA segments that can bind or latch onto other segments of DNA
4. Cloning vectors make exact copies of a gene in DNA, this helps in producing recombinant DNA by allowing them to reproduce faster.
5. It could allow us to make more medicines (such as insulin) to help treat genetic disorders, it could help us prevent genetic disorders by replacing bad genes, it could help us develop a cure for cancer by allowing us to replace tumor infested genes.
1, Two primers that correspond are inserted and then the enzyme polymerase moves along the primers. The polymerase copies the dna very quickly and assembles a pile of new dna.
2. Restriction enzymes cut DNA strands into more manageable pieces.
3. The sticky ends are ends of a strand of DNA from where the restriction enzymes but off a pience. The sticky ends are left to correspond with a new strand that contains a healthy gene.
4. Cloning vectors clone the new bacteriums that contain the recombinant DNA so the DNA with healthy genes will be multiplied.
5. -improve food crops
-treat disorders
-cure diseases
1. Describe the steps in polymerase chain reaction. pcr uses repeted cicils of heating and coiling to copy a rison of dna . fust its rased to nere beoling cusing it the dna to denather and unravil. then the tepther lowetrs and short pramils atach to the dna and the pramers bracit the dna and then the tepather highers and the tacpllimarays athach the it begins to copy and copy the copies
2. What role does restriction enzymes play in DNA technology? its helping reshurch and help supjets aswell.
3. What are sticky ends and in what way do they function in making recombinant DNA.thay are made from dna being cut and thay help replase jesns.
4. Explain the role cloning vectors play in making recombinant DNA?thay help to git the new dna acrost
5. List three ways that DNA technology could be used to improve the lives of humans? it coud help in the med a cilfiled and in evey day life thay cud make ore amun sistom beter and less bron to baktea
1. the double-stranded DNA template is denatured; (2) oligonucleotide primers are annealed to the single-stranded DNA template; and (3) DNA polymerase extends each primer in the 5′ to 3′ direction, duplicating the DNA fragment between the primers.
2. produce a cut(usually staggered)at specific recognition sequences on DNA.
3. sticky ends-single stranded pieces of DNA left at the ends of restriction fragmants; they will join together to form a recombinant DNA
4. When making recombinant DNA, the restriction enzyme cuts off a piece of the plasmid and another enzyme glues in the cloning vector to make the plasmid recombinant DNA
5. (1) It can help better diagnose people with diseases. (2) It can help find a cure for diseases. (3) It can help prevent future diseases from occuring.
1. polymerase chain reaction first affects one gene, then migrates towards others until all are affected.
2. they cut the dna strands into managable pieces.
3. sticky ends aid the process of the affect of restriction enzymes.
4. cloning vectors make the process of recombining dna possible.
5. 1: cure genetic defections, 2:assist pedigrees, 3;decrease the amount of birth mutations
1. Some of the steps include breaking apart the chain, dividing DNA, and going through the chain.
2. Restriction enzymes cut out the bad gene.
3. The sticky ends are on the ends of the donor genes and they help stick to the plasmid.
4. Cloning vectors replace the bad genes.
5. Help prevent diseases
Help to make the world healthier
Inprove the lives of others