Anatomy Blogs due Sunday 2/26
1. Erythropoietin is available as a drug. Why would athletes abuse it?
2. Explain the process of a bone marrow donation and what is a reason why a person would need it?
3. Why would a person with liver disease commonly develop blood-clotting disorders?
4. Discuss any kind of blood disorder. How is it treated?
5. Explain how anemia can cause trouble for people.
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1. It stimulates the production of red blood cells, and as a result an athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles, which would be a competitive advantage. The harder way to get this advantage naturally is to train at altitude in which the thinner air (less oxygen) stimulates the production of red blood cells.
2. For a PBSC donation: You will receive daily injections of a drug named Filgrastim for five days before the collection. This is to increase the number of blood-forming cells in the bloodstream. You may experience side effects like headache or bone or muscle aches. Your blood will be removed via a sterile needle that is connected to a machine that collects the blood-forming cells.
3. Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver. Advanced liver disease means less ability to make these proteins, which means the blood takes a long time to clot.
4. If you have a bleeding disorder, you either do not have enough platelets or clotting factors or they don’t work the way they should.
5. Anemia can cause trouble for people and it could ultimately lead to an earlier death that usual.
1. Athletes might abuse erythropoietin because it increases the production of red blood cells and as a result a persons body could carry more oxygen (that the red blood cells produce) and this would help an athletes muscles and give them more energy.
2. The process of a bone marrow donation is to register that you are a donor, give a blood sample, go through a physical exam, and then one would have to undergo surgery in which doctors use needles to draw bone marrow from the back of your pelvic bones. A person would donate blood marrow to help people who’s blood marrow does not produce red and white blood cells and platelets which are necessary for the body.
3. A person with a liver disorder might commonly develop blood – clotting disorders because plasma proteins and other proteins are made in the liver and aid in helping the blood pass smoothly through vessels and damage to the liver would harm the process of making proteins that help this making the blood take more time to clot.
4. Hemophilia is a blood disorder in which blood does not clot properly causing people to bleed for a long time if they are hurt (externally and internally) and can eventually lead to damage of your organs and tissues. It is treated by concentrates of clotting factors VIII or IX which are infused into the veins helping take place of the clotting component that is impaired or missing.
5. Anemia can cause trouble for people because it impairs the body’s production of vital blood cells or impairment of factors that produce blood cells. Symptoms include lack of energy, paleness, rapid heartbeat, dizziness, and even hunger for substances such as ice.
1. It increases the production of red blood cells, which means that carries oxygen to muscles so the athlete is at an advantage. the harder way to get this advantage naturally is to train at altitude in which the less oxygen stimulates the production of red blood cells.
3. Liver disease is categorized both by the cause and the effect it has on the liver. Causes may include infection, injury, exposure to drugs or toxic compounds, an autoimmune process, or a genetic defect that leads to the deposition and build-up of damaging substances such as iron or copper. Effects may include inflammation, scarring, obstructions, clotting abnormalities, and liver failure. The following table summarizes some types of liver disease.
4. Aplastic anemia- is a disease of the bone marrow. The bone marrow stops making enough red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets for the body. Any blood cells the marrow does make are normal, but there are not enough of them. Aplastic anemia can be moderate, severe or very severe. People with severe or very severe aplastic anemia are at risk for life-threatening infections or bleeding.
TREATMENT-
-Supportive care to keep a patient stable until other treatment can begin or take effect.
-Immunosuppressive therapy — drugs that suppress (weaken) the immune system.
-Bone marrow or cord blood transplant (also called BMT).
1. Ethroprieton stimulates the production of red blood cells which transfers oxygen and carbon dioxide for the muscles.
2. Doctors use a needle to withdraw liquid marrow from the back of your pelvic bone. Someone would need this is something was wrong with their blood.
5. Anemia can cause breathing problems and have low amounts of iron.
1. because it will make more red blood cells and that will give muscles more oxygen to perform the workout/race/event
2. bone marrow is extracted from a person when they find an exact match then a STEM cell is taken from the marrow and is used to make bone marrow
3. because the liver makes platelets
4. hemaphilia – it is treated by taking cumin or another blood thickiner.
5. anemia destroys RBCs and this eventually throws off homeostasis and you die.
1. Explain how anemia can cause trouble for people.
Anemia is the condition in which the number of red blood cells in the blood is low.it can cause problems in the form of Fatigue,decreased energy,weakness,shortness of breath.
2. Discuss any kind of blood disorder. How is it treated?
Hemophilia refers to a group of bleeding disorders in which it takes a long time for the blood to clot.Hemophilia is caused by a lack of enough factor VIII or IX.Standard treatment involves replacing the missing clotting factor through a vein
3.Why would a person with liver disease commonly develop blood-clotting disorders?
Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver. Advanced liver disease means less ability to make these proteins, which means the blood takes a long time to clot.
1. Athletes would use it in order to have more blood in their body so that they can play harder and not wear out.
2. A needle is injected into the body and marrow is pulled out. A person would need it because bone marrow produces many nutrients available for blood.
3. A person with liver disease would get blood clotting disorders becasue liver draws out old and dying blood.
4. Sickle cell is a blood disorder where the red blood cells are in a different shape than the regualr blood cell. Sickle cell is treated by antibodies.
5. Anemia can cause trouble because anemia is the lack of blood and includes decreased in oxygen. So this could give somebody trouble breathing and getting oxygen to the body.
1. Because Erythropoietin stimulates red blood cells formation, athletes would abuse it to produce more red blood cells in order for their muscles of the entire body to receive more oxygen, which would be especially important when working out.
2. In a bone marrow donation, the donor gets a needle injection into their hip bone to extract the marrow. The marrow then is injected to the patients body, therefore almost restarting their immune system because of the new blood that is formed by the new marrow.
3. Someone with liver disease would probably have blood clotting disorders because the liver regulates blood clotting.
4. Sickle cell is a blood disorder where the red blood cells are an abnormal shape, or a sickled shape compared to a normal round cell. Treatment is mostly to reduce the pain but antibiotics are used primarily.
5. Anemia can cause trouble for people because it makes the person weak and without energy to possibly to any activities.
1. It stimulates for blood production, and athletes would likely abuse it because they wouldn’t feel as tired as they get an abundant supply of oxygen.
2. The doctors have to determine how closely related bone marrow is to the recipient, often siblings or the recipients themselves serve as their own donors. It is needed when people have a blood deficiency.
3. The liver produces the clotting proteins, and without them, the person will bleed profusely.
4. Sickle cell – the red blood cells are shaped like a sickle and therefore can’t pass through the blood stream efficiently. It also can’t carry as much oxygen. There is no treatment, though drinking water often and not exercising helps.
5. Anemia is a deficiency of red blood cells, and it causes complications because the person can’t get as much oxygen as needed. It often causes fatigue and dizziness.
1. Erythropoitin stimulates red blood cells which carry oxygen around the body. Oxygen will let the muscles work between to improve performance.
2. Bone marrow makes red blood cells and they need it to get oxygen around the body
3. Liver filters the blood to clean it of toxins which form clotting substances.
1.It stimulates the production of red blood cells, and as a result an athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles, which would be a competitive advantage. The harder way to get this advantage naturally is to train at altitude in which the thinner air (less oxygen) stimulates the production of red blood cells.
2.Bone marrow or stem cell transplants are necessary when the bone marrow becomes diseased or damaged so that it can’t function normally a person may not be able to produce blood cells like condition of a form of anemia.
3.Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver. Advanced liver disease means less ability to make these proteins, which means the blood takes a long time to clot.
4.Sickle cell anemia is a type of inherited blood disorder where the blood usually ends up clothing because of the different shape of the red blood cell and it is the genetic missence and usually is not fatal it depends on how bad the condition is for the individual.
5.Anemia would have troublesome symptoms of Easy fatigue and loss of energy
Unusually rapid heart beat, particularly with exercise, Shortness of breath and,headache, particularly with exercise,Difficulty concentrating,Dizziness,Pale skin,Leg cramps,Insomnia.
1. Athletes would abuse erythropoietin to increase the amount of blood produced by their body, which would increase the amount of oxygen that gets delivered to their muscles. Since blood carries essential nutrients and oxygen, more blood would enable athletes to perform at a higher capacity and for longer periods of time. This type of drug abuse would be more prevalent in endurance athletes.
2. Bone marrow donation is when bone marrow is harvested from someone in order to be used in a transplant. The process for donation involves first sedating the patient, and then extracting bone marrow directly from the crest of ilium. Bone marrow is needed to help counter act a variety of diseases, such as sickle cell anemia.
3. Liver disease could cause blood clot diseases because the liver is responsible for producing fibrinogens, the plasma protein responsible for clotting the blood. If the liver was not developing enough fibrinogen, then clotting problems could occur.
4. Hemophilia is a blood disorder characterized by inability to clot blood. Hemophilia can be treated with anticoagulant medicine, stretching and strengthening, alternative medicine, and gene therapy.
5. Anemia can cause trouble by lowering the amount of oxygen that is transported throughout the body, causing extreme fatigue and tiredness.
1. To have an advantage over the opposition.
2. To save someone from anemia or sickle cell disease.
3. Because food is clotted up in the stomach
4. Sickle Cell anemia. Treated by blood transfusion
5. They are subject to being tired last night
1. Since it helps absorb iron, it likely could help athletes become stronger and perform better.
2. Marrow is taken from the donor by draining it out of (usually) the spinal column. It’s then transplanted by similar methods to the person who needs it. People who have diseases such as leukemia benefit most from it.
3. It usually affects fat absorption; therefore, one could be led to a diabetic problem, or one could be more prone to obesity and heart attacks.
4. Hemophilia is a reduction in clotting factors. It’s not curable, but it can be regulated by some medications and replacement therapy, in which proteins replace the clotting factors.
5. In iron deficient anemia, the lack of iron causes a person to feel very tired and weak. The lowered levels of oxygen cause reduced brain functioning as well.
1. Athlete’s abuse the drug erythropoietin because stimulates the production of red blood cells so the athlete would be getting more oxygen feeding working muscles.
3. Advanced liver disease means less ability to make protiens, which means the blood takes a long time to clot.
5. People with anemia tend to have fatique, be stressed, have nerve damage, be forgetful and have digestive tract problems.
1. Athletes would abuse erythropoietin because it stimulates the production of red blood cell’s so the athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles.
3. A person with liver disease would probably have a blood-clotting disorder becasue the liver produces platelets which clot blood.
4. Sickle cell anemia: type of anemia where rapid loss of red blood cells occur. treatment for this is a supplement of folic acid and a blood transfusion every couple of months.
1. because it is a stimulant.
2.The person is put to sleep and it can either be spinal or epidural and 4 small incisions while laying on your stomach. a person would need it if they have a disease that causes the bone marrow they have to be bad.
3.the liver makes proteins that cause blood clotting.
4.Sicle cell, by recieving marrow from a donor.
5.the person is always tired and weak.
1. It stimulates the production of red blood cells and as result an athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles.
2. find a patient that you match with. peripheral blood stem cells and bone marrow. You will receive anesthesia and feel no pain during the donation. Doctors use a needle to withdraw liquid marrow from the back of your pelvic bone. The marrow replaces itself completely within 4 to 6 weeks.
3. Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors which are mostly proteins made in the liver.
4.Malaria- a mosquito’s bite transmits a parasite into a person’s blood, where it infects red blood cells. Periodically, the red blood cells rupture, causing fever, chills, and organ damage. This blood infection is most common in Africa.
5. Because it can cause them to be sick a lot and feel very tired.
1. because it plays an important role in the brain’s response to neuronal injury.
2. stem cells are destroyed in a persons body and then replaced with new ones that were extracted from a donor to aid in blood cell production.
3. because one of it’s functions is red blood cell decomposition and synthesis breakdown of small and complex molecules which are necessary for normal vital functions.
4. Anemia: its a condition marked by deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin that results in weariness and and an unhealthy pale appearance. depending on your certain type of anemia it can be treated by taking iron supplements that contain a form of iron which your body can absorb easily.
5. anemia causes trouble for people because it prevents blood cell production in the body which results in numerous negative bodily functions, such as weariness.
1.It stimulates the production of red blood cells, and as a result an athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles, which would be a competitive advantage.
2.If you match a patient, we will contact you to ask if you are willing to donate. If you agree to proceed, we will ask you about your health and schedule more testing to see if you are the best match for the patient. For more information, see When You’re Contacted as a Possible Match.
If you are the best match, you will participate in an information session. You will be given detailed information about the donation and recovery process, including risks and side effects. If you agree to donate, you will sign a consent form.
Next, you will have a physical examination to make sure that donation is safe for both you and the patient.
3.Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver.
4.by injecting them with the correct form of a defective gene, a landmark achievement in the troubled field of gene therapy.
5.can cause a variety of complications, including fatigue and stress on bodily organs.
1. So they can perform better and become stronger.
2. If someone has cancer and needs transport and get the right blood.
3. Cause clots build up causing the blood not to travel through easily.
4. Hematology is the branch of biology physiology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical laboratory work, and pediatrics that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases. Hematology includes the study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases.
5. Breathing problems and body just starts to break body down.
1. So they can perform better and become stronger.
2. If someone has cancer and needs transport and get the right blood.
3. Cause clots build up causing the blood not to travel through easily.
4. Hematology is the branch of biology physiology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical laboratory work, and pediatrics that is concerned with the study of blood, the blood-forming organs, and blood diseases. Hematology includes the study of etiology, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and prevention of blood diseases.
5. Breathing problems and body just starts to break body down.
2.) find a match, get a physical examination, recieve anesthesia, withdraw liquid marrown from the back of your pelvic bone. Bone marrown donations increases the likelihood of a cure for whatever the patient may have.
4.) sickle cell is a blood disorder where the red blood cells have a adnorma, rigid shape. treatment may include vitamins, blood transfusions, pain-relieving medicine.
5.) anemia can cause heavy bleeding, or cancers.
1. Because it provides them with a surplus of oxygen.
2. Bone marrow is injected into a person which is needed because it makes blood and a person with low marrow will have a lower abundance of blood which is dangerous.
3. Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver. Advanced liver disease means less ability to make these proteins, which means the blood takes a long time to clot.
4. Iron-deficiency anemia: Iron is necessary for the body to make red blood cells. Low iron intake and loss of blood due to menstruation are the most common causes of iron-deficiency anemia. Treatment includes iron pills, or rarely blood transfusion.
5. It can cause trouble by producing pain, mainly in the chest, and can cause fatigue.
1. Erythropoietin can drastically speed up injury recovery.
2. A Bone Marrow Transplant is a procedure that replaces bone marrow because of injury, disease, or cancer.
3. If the person has a kidney disease, then they might have an abnormal formation of red blood cells, which will cause the blood to clot.
4. Anemia – an iron deficiency that causes the patient to become tired and weak. It is treated by giving that person a Bone Marrow Transplant.
5. Anemia causes people to have a low amount of iron in their blood and gives them very little energy which can make life very hard.
1.it stimulates the production of red blood cells, and as a result an athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles, which would be a competitive advantage.
2.Bone marrow donation is a life-saving procedure in which the healthy bone marrow There are many reasons why someone would participate in bone marrow donation. Often, the person has a friend of family member who could benefit from a For a successful transplant.
3.Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver.
4.Platelets a type of blood cell and proteins in your plasma the liquid part of be dangerous and require accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment. the medications you are taking and any family history of blood clotting disorders blood disease.
5.Anemia describes the condition in which the number of red blood cells in the blood is low. For this reason doctors sometimes describe someone with anemia as having a low blood count.
1. Atheletes would abuse it because it can be used as a blood doping agent.
2. Stem cells are removed from one person and infused in another. People who get these bone marrow donations don’t have enough bone marrow to live properly.
3. Because their liver isn’t functioning properly.
4. Sickle-cell anemia is a blood disorder where your red blood cells assume an abnormal, sickl-cell shape.
5. Anemia can cause trouble for people because its a blood disorder and it causes a blood deficiency.
1. It is a drug that increases Red Blood Cell Production which therefore increases ones capacity to carry oxygen through the blood. It also aids in the wound healing process which would benefit an athlete after surgery or an injury.
2. Bone marrow donation is where a person’s bone marrow is taken and donated to someone else in order to be given to someone else in order to reset their white blood cells and immune system.
3. A person with liver disease commonly develops blood clots because the liver regulates the platelets in the blood and the thickness of the blood as well.
4. Leukemia- Leukemia is the cancer of blood. It results in an increase in pre-white blood cells called blasts. This can cause people to become very sick. The treatment is typically chemotherapy then a bone marrow transplant. Though this isn’t foolproof treatment.
5. Anemia is a RBC deficiency or a hemoglobin deficiency. It can cause trouble because it can leave some people tired or be short on breath. It can in some cases be treated with just iron supplements or cant be treatable at all.
1. Erythropoietin speeds the rate at which erythrocytes are produced, it also increases the amount of oxygen one can hold.
3. People with liver diseases have trouble producing the proteins that clot blood.
4. Anemia-low count of red blood cells; depending on the type of anemia, a doctor could treat it differently.
1.It stimulates the production of red blood cells, and as a result an athlete’s blood would be able to carry more oxygen to feed working muscles, which would be a competitive advantage. The harder way to get this advantage naturally is to train at altitude in which the thinner air (less oxygen) stimulates the production of red blood cells.
2.Bone marrow donation is a surgical procedure in which liquid marrow is withdrawn from the back of the donor’s pelvic bones using special, hollow needles. General or regional anesthesia is always used for this procedure, so donors feel no needle injections and no pain during marrow donation. Most donors feel some pain in their lower back for a few days afterwards.
3.Liver disorders can sometimes cause bleeding problems as your liver makes most of the clotting factors
4. blood clots, blood thiners
5.Some people with anemia will develop skin changes. Many patients develop pale skin due to lack of oxygen, and others may experience a condition called jaundice, which causes the skin to turn yellow. Bone problems and ulcers of the leg are additional visible symptoms.Some anemia patients might develop hunger cravings for ice, grass, dirt, paper, and hair for nutrition. These symptoms have been common among anemic women who are pregnant.Among children, the symptoms of anemia can be more extreme. Children with anemia may become extremely lethargic and show signs of malnutrition, even if they are eating balanced meals. They may lose interest in sports, play-activities, and friendships. When suffering from anemia, children might have trouble performing in school. They might have trouble sitting through class, staying awake throughout the day, finishing homework, remaining motivated, or showing enthusiasm. If your child is showing these symptoms, a doctor’s visit and simple blood test may provide an explanation. Children who show signs of anemia should see a doctor as soon as possible to rule out more serious conditions that produce similar symptoms.
1. Athletes abuse the drug to be able to carry more oxygen to their muscles.
2. The steps of the donation include that if you match someone they’ll contact you and then you’ll have to do a physical examination to see if it’s safe for the donor and the patient.
3.Because the process of blood clotting is a cascade of reactions between different clotting factors, which are mostly proteins made in the liver.
4. Hemochromatosis. Therapeutic phlebotomy is a procedure that removes blood and iron from your body, that is used for a major treatment.
5. Anyone with anemia can have frequent headaches, weakness, fatigue..etc..
1. it would create a competitive advantage
2. Bone marrow is transplanted and it is for people with severe bone maroow diseases
3. Because the liver deals with clotting
4. Anemia is a decrease in RBC and can be treated with iron supplements or vitamins or transfsuions
5. It can cause weakness and fatigue
5. Most commonly, people with anemia report non-specific symptoms of a feeling of weakness, or fatigue, general malaise and sometimes poor concentration. Severe anemia can lead to symptoms of heart disease. Chronic anemia may result in behavioral disturbances in children as a direct result of impaired neurological development in infants, and reduced scholastic performance in children of school age.
4.Sickle cell anemia is a disease passed down through families in which red blood cells form an abnormal crescent shape. Treatment for sickle cell is blood transfusions and pain medicines.
1.Erythropoietin accelerates erythrocyte production it also increases oxygen carrying capacity.Until recently accurate testing has been difficult because the recombinant human EPO made in the lab is virtually identical to the naturally occurring form and there are no firmly established normal ranges for EPO in the body. The drug increases athletic ability and until recently it was difficult to test for.
1. It would stimulate the formation of red blood cells giving an advantage because the athletes blood would be able to carry more oxygen.
2. Stem cells are taken from the hip and it could be used for a person that has aplastic anemia who is in need of a none marrow transplant.
3. The less proteins made by the liv the longer it takes for blood to clot causing different disorders to occur,
4. Anemia is an iron lacking blood disorder. I personally take iron pills every morning to help maintain the levels of iron in my body because without them, I feel extremely tired,
5. Anemia causes trouble in my life because it makes me tired and in different people it can even change your personality somewhat. Because if your tired all the time, you’ll tend to be in more of a mood then if you were completely energized.
1) because it makes them stronger and their muscles bigger and also supplies a source of energy.
2) doctors go into the hip and take out stem cells then insert them into the person who needs them. Most people who need them are cancer patients and people with kidney problems, our people who have proble rms producing clean good blood.
3) because their blood is not being cleaned as it should and since their blood is low and not as clean they don’t have as many WBC as they need to fight off foreign invaders.
4) anemia is low blood levels causing coldness and extreme fatigue. Treated by iron pills.
5) anemia can cause trouble because they can be so tired they cannot function, and they can get so cold it can be bad for their health. They have to eat certain foods high in iron.
1. It increases the production of red blood cells, which means that carries oxygen to muscles so the athlete is at an advantage. the harder way to get this advantage naturally is to train at altitude in which the less oxygen stimulates the production of red blood cells
2. Stem cells are taken from the hip and it could be used for a person that has aplastic anemia who is in need of a none marrow transplant.
3.Liver disorders can sometimes cause bleeding problems as your liver makes most of the clotting factors
1. because it will make more red blood cells and that will give muscles more oxygen to perform the workout/race/event
2. bone marrow is extracted from a person when they find an exact match then a STEM cell is taken from the marrow and is used to make bone marrow
3. because the liver makes platelets
4. hemaphilia – it is treated by taking cumin or another blood thickiner.
5. anemia destroys RBCs and this eventually throws off homeostasis and you die.