Chemists Discover How Antiviral Drugs Bind to and Block Flu Virus
Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells, according to a research project led by Iowa State University’s Mei Hong and published in the Feb. 4 issue of the journal Nature.
Hong, Iowa State’s John D. Corbett Professor of Chemistry and an associate scientist for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Ames Laboratory, said the findings clarify previous, conflicting studies and should pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including pandemic H1N1.
Two papers published by Nature in 2008 came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell. A paper based on X-ray studies concluded the drug attached to the lumen of the proton channel, the area inside the channel, and stopped the virus by blocking the channel. Another paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel. But the paper also reports that when there are high concentrations of
amantadine in the membrane, the drug will also attach to a second site on the surface of the virus protein near the channel.
“Our study using solid-state NMR technology unequivocally shows that the true binding site is in the channel lumen, while the surface-binding site is occupied only by excess drug,” Hong said. “The previous solution NMR study used 200-fold excess drug, which explains their observation of the surface-binding site. The resolution of this controversy means that medical chemists can now try to design new drugs to target the true binding site of the channel.”
Here’s how a flu virus uses its proton channel and how amantadine blocks that channel:
The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell. The healthy cell surrounds the flu virus and takes it inside the cell through a process called endocytosis. Once inside the cell, the virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell. Protons from the healthy cell flow through the channel into the virus and raise its acidity. That triggers the release of the virus’ genetic material into the healthy cell. The virus hijacks the healthy cell’s resources and uses them to reproduce and spread.
When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
Hong and the research team developed powerful techniques to study the proton channel using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the technology behind medical magnetic resonance imaging. The techniques provided the researchers with a detailed look at the antiviral drug within the proton channel, showed them the structure of the protein at the drug-binding site and allowed them to make accurate measurements of the distances between the drug and the protein.
The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel. That means it doesn’t fill the channel. And Hong said that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel, stopping the flu and evading development of drug resistance.
Other contributors to the study are Klaus Schmidt-Rohr, an Iowa State professor of chemistry and a senior chemist for the Ames Laboratory; Sarah Cady, a postdoctoral research associate in Iowa State’s chemistry department; William DeGrado, the George W. Raiziss Professor of Biochemistry and Biophysics and adjunct professor of chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania; Cinque S. Soto, a postdoctoral researcher in the University of Pennsylvania’s department of biochemistry and biophysics; and Jun Wang, a graduate student in the University of Pennsylvania’s department of chemistry.
The research project was supported by grants of $687,411 from the National Science Foundation and $616,295 from the National Institutes of Health.
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Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
A paper based on X-ray studies concluded the drug attached to the lumen of the proton channel and stopped the virus by blocking the channel.
The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
The healthy cell surrounds the flu virus and takes it inside the cell through a process called endocytosis.
The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
Article Summary for February 8, 2010
1. Hongs research concluded that when amandadine is present at the pharmicologicaally relevant amount amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel.
2. When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
3. The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
4. Hong and the research team developed powerful techniques to study the proton channel using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the technology behind medical magnetic resonance imaging.’
5. And Hong said that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel, stopping the flu and evading development of drug resistance.
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading
2. Scientists concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel
3.The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
4. Scientists found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
5. Scientist say that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel
The virus uses a protien called M2.
The virus attaches to a healthy cell.
Anti viral drugs block influenza.
Amantadine a antivirus stops the flu by binding to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell.
Mantadine spins when it eenters a proton channel.
1. Researchers found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
2. A paper based on X-Ray studies concluded the drug channel.
3. The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
4. The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
5. The healthy cell surrounds the flu virus and takes it inside the cell through a process called endocytosis.
Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells
The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell
paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
When amantadine binds to and blockamantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channels the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread
amantadine in the membrane, the drug will also attach to a second site on the surface of the virus protein near the channel
1) Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from spreading.
2) The virus uses a prtein called M2 to open a channel to a healthy cell.
3)The healthy cell surronds the flu virus and takesit inside the cell through a proccess clled endoctytosis.
4)The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
5) When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
The healthy cell surrounds the flu virus and it takes it inside.
The proton channel can’t fill in the channel.
M2 is a protein.
The research project was supported by grants of $687,411.
I learned that antiviral drugs block flu A viruses from spreading and reproducing. It attaches in a proton channel necessary for the viruses to infect healthy cells. The anitviral drug attaches to the surface of the virus protien near the proton channel and stopped the virus by changing the structure of the channel. A virus begins it’s infection by clinging to a healthy cell. The healthy cell pulls the virus inside the cell. This is called endocytosis. Amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza.
2.The virus begins an infection vy attaching itself to a healthy cell.
3.The healthy cell surrounds the flu virus and takes it inside the cell through a process called endocytosis
4. The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
1.antiviral drugs block influenza
2.influenza is attaching and spreading to proton
3. proton virus infects a healthy cells
4.A paper based on x-rays concluded the lumen attached to the proton
5.the virus begins by attaching itself to a healthy cell
scary.
Article Summary:
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site.
2.According to a research project led by Iowa State University’s Mei Hong.
3.Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel.
4.The how a flu virus uses its proton channel, The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
5.The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
1. Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site.
2. conflicting studies and should pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs for the flu
3. A paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance technology concluded the drug attached to a surface
4. A virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell is a way influenza spreads.
5. When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells, pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including pandemic H1N1conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flamantadine in the membrane, the drug will also attach to a second site on the surface of the virus protein near the channelu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell.
1.) Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching.
2.) Two papers published by Nature in 2008 came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell.
3.) A paper based on X-ray studies concluded the drug attached to the lumen of the proton channel.
4.) Another paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
5.)When amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel.
Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells, according to a published in the Feb. 4 issue oDepartment of Energy’s Ames Laboratory, said the findings clarify previous, conflicting studies and should pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including pandemic H1N1f the journal Nature
Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing
spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel
necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells, according to a research project led by Iowa State University’s Mei Hong and published in the Feb. 4 issue of the journal Nature.
Hong, Iowa State’s John D. Corbett Professor of Chemistry and an associate scientist for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Ames Laboratory, said the findings clarify previous, conflicting studies and should pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including pandemic H1N1.
Two papers published by Nature in 2008 came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell.
1. According to a research project, antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
2. The results pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including H1N1.
3. When the virus attatches itself to a healthy cell, it surrounds the virus and takes it inside the cell through endocytosis.
4. Once inside the cell, the virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell, and the virus’ genetic material is released into the healthy cell. The virus uses the healthy cell’s resources to reproduce and spread.
5. When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
1) Antiviral drugs block the flu.
2) This is Mei Hong’s opinion.
3) Hong said the drugs would be strong against the flu.
4) A paper based on X-ray studies concluded that amatadine attached to the lumen of the proton channel, the area inside the channel, and stopped the virus by blocking the channel.
5) Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel.
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza .
2.Two papers published by Nature in 2008 came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell.
3.Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel.
4.When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
5.The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
1.The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
2.The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
3.When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
4.Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel.
5. The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
2.Two papers published by Nature in 2008 came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell.
3.When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
4.The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel. That means it doesn’t fill the channel.
5.Another paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
1)Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing .
2)Antiviral drugs also stop spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
3)Hong, Iowa State’s John D. Corbett Professor of Chemistry, said the findings clarify previous, conflicting studies and should pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including pandemic H1N1.
4)Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel
5)The paper also reports that when the.re are high concentrations of amantadine in the membrane, the drug will also attach to a second site on the surface of the virus protein near the channel.
1 The results show the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including H1N1.
2 Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from spreading.
3 A virus begins it’s infection by clinging to a healthy cell.
4 Then the healthy cell pulls the virus inside the cell.
5 when this process happens, its called endocytosis.
1. Influenza is a viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel.
2. Antiviral drugs block influenza.
3. Researchers found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
4.The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
5.A paper based on X-Ray studies concluded the drug channel.
1.Chemists discover how antirial drugs bind to & block powerful virus.
2.Antivial drugs block influenza.
3. A science professor of chemistry said the finding clarify previous,conflicting studies & should pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs aganist influenza viruses.
4.Their has been different conclusions about this.
5.One conclusion is about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus & stops it from making a healthy cell go ill.
1.Antiviral drugs block the flu
2.It begins with an infection to a healthy cell
3.Hong said that taking drugs would help the virus flu, including the H1N1
4.Hongs research team developed powerful techniques to study the proton channel using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the technology behind medical magnetic resonance imaging
5.The research project was supported by grants of $687,411 from the national science foundation and $616,295 from the national institutes of health.
Drugs are bad.
1. Antiviral drugs block influenza and viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
2. A paper based on X-ray studies concluded the drug attached to the lumen of the proton channel, the area inside the channel, and stopped the virus by blocking the channel.
3.When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
4.leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel, stopping the flu and evading development of drug resistance.
5. amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel
1.leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel, stopping the flu and evading development of drug resistance.
2. amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel
3. Another paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
4. When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
5. The results pave the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including H1N1.
1. Hongs research concluded that when amandadine is present at the pharmicologicaally relevant amount amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel.
2. When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
3. The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
4. Hong and the research team developed powerful techniques to study the proton channel using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the technology behind medical magnetic resonance imaging.’
5. And Hong said that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel, stopping the flu and evading development of drug resistance.
1. Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from spreading.
2. Another paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
3. The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
4. HONG said that taking drugs would help the flu.
5. I learned a lot from this article summarry.
-2 papers in 2008 on Nature have differnt opinions
-they are trieng to develope anti virul drugs
-these drugs will help prevent things like H1N1
-one paper from nature stated that the drug stopped the virus by blocking the proton channel
-The virus begins with an infection in which it attaches itself to a healthy cell
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
2.The research project was supported by grants of $687,411 from the national science foundation and $616,295 from the national institutes of health.
3.Researchers found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
4.Hongs research team developed powerful techniques to study the proton channel using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the technology behind medical magnetic resonance imaging.
5.The results show the way to development of new antiviral drugs against influenza viruses, including H1N1.
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading
2. Scientists concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel
3.The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
4. Scientists found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
5. Scientist say that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel
1. Hongs research concluded that when amandadine is present at the pharmicologicaally relevant amount amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel.
2. When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
3. The researchers also found that amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
4. Hong and the research team developed powerful techniques to study the proton channel using solid-state NMR spectroscopy, the technology behind medical magnetic resonance imaging.’
5. And Hong said that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel, stopping the flu and evading development of drug resistance.
1.Antiviral drugs prevent the A influenza virus from reproducing and spreading.
2.The antiviral drug amantadine blocks the virus by blocking the channel.
3.The flu virus begins by attaching to a healty cell.
4.Amantadine spins when it binds and which means that it doesn’t block the channel.
5. Amantadine binds to the flu virus and prevents it from infecting an another healthy cell.
Andrew Rice March 6th 5th period
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza.
2.A famous scientist named hong did tests on the drugs.
3.other drugs may do better result on the flu.
4.chemists can try to design new drugs to help stop pther viruses.
5.amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel.
1.) A paper based on x-rays concluded the lumen attached to the proton.
2.) these drugs will help prevent things like H1N1.
3.) .It begins with an infection to a healthy cell
4.) When amantadine binds to and blocks the M2 proton channel, the process doesn’t work and a virus can’t infect a cell and spread.
5.) amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of the proton channel
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing .
2.Antiviral drugs also stop spreading by attaching to a site.
3.They said the findings clarify previous, conflicting studies and should pave the way to development pandemic H1N1.
4.His research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel
5.The paper also reports that when the.re are high concentrations of amantadine in the membrane.
1.Antiviral drugs block influenza .
2.Two papers published by Nature in 2008 came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it.
3.Hong’s research concluded that when amantadine is present at the pharmacologically relevant amount of one molecule per channel, it attaches to the lumen inside the proton channel.
4.The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell.
5.The research project was supported by grants of $687,411 from the National Science Foundation.
Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading by attaching to a site within a proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells. A virus begins it’s infection by clinging to a healthy cell. The healthy cell pulls the virus inside the cell. The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell. Another paper based on solution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technology concluded the drug attached to the surface of the virus protein near the proton channel and stopped the virus by indirectly changing the channel structure.
1. Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from reproducing and spreading.
2. A virus begins it’s infection by clinging to a healthy cell.
3. These drugs will help prevent H1N1.
4. Chemists try to design new drugs to help stop other viruses.
5.The virus uses a protein called M2 to open a channel to the healthy cell.
1. Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from spreading.
2.The virus begins an infection by attaching itself to a healthy cell
3.The healthy cell surrounds the flu virus and takes it inside the cell through a process called endocytosis.
4.Two papers came to different conclusions about where the antiviral drug amantadine binds to a flu virus and stops it from infecting a healthy cell
5. Scientist say that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel
Antiviral drugs bind to block the flu virus.
They attach to a site in the proton channel necessary for the virus to infect healthy cells.
Amantadine will bind to flu virus and shut it down.
A virus simply keeps attaching itself to more and more cells, and spreading.
Amantadine spins when it binds to the inside of a proton channel.
1.it can block the flu
2.it can be helpful to people
3.its a virus
4.it can harm you to
5.its an anti-drug
1. Influenza can infect healthy cells.
2. The Department of Energy’s Ames Laboratory says there should be a development of ativiral drugs.
3. The virus begins by attaching to a healthy cell.
4. Hong and the research team studied the proton channel using NMR.
5. Also researchers found that the amantadine spins on the inside of the proton channel.
1. Scientist say that leaves room for development of other drugs that do a better job blocking the channel.
2. They said the findings clarify previous, conflicting studies and should pave the way to development pandemic H1N1.
3. The paper also reports that when the.re are high concentrations of amantadine in the membrane.
4. Antiviral drugs block influenza A viruses from spreading.
5. Chemists try to design new drugs to help stop other viruses.
1. antiviral drugs block the flu virus
2. the virus begins by clinging to a healthy cell
3. these drugs will help prevent things like H1N1 (’swine flu’)
4. the virus simply attaches to more and more cells, spreading through the body
5. the uses a protein called M2 to open a channel in the healthy cell